Foreword
Why Homo sapiens may be the dumbest creature
Why does the cleverest species act against its own survival?
If intelligence is measured by a species’ ability to safeguard its own survival, Homo sapiens is making a poor showing. The foreword walks through nine pressure points: water, food, climate, war, waste, chemical “novel entities”, soil, antimicrobial resistance and biodiversity. Seven of the nine planetary boundaries are already crossed; ocean acidification joined the list in 2025.
The paradox is not a lack of knowledge. ExxonMobil’s own scientists projected warming accurately from 1977 onwards, while the company’s public messaging stressed doubt. The gap between knowing and doing has lasted 53 years for tobacco and 97 years for leaded petrol. The book names the mechanism: a brain wired for short-term reward (present bias), amplified by three structural accelerants. Growth accounting ignores depleted assets, political and corporate cycles are far shorter than climate lags, and efficiency gains are eaten up by rebound effects.
Evolution offers sobering examples. The reindeer of St. Matthew Island grew from 29 to 6,000 animals, overgrazed their lichen and collapsed to 42. Humanity now uses the equivalent of 1.73 Earths a year, but unlike the reindeer we can read the graph.
Hope comes from cases where course-correction worked: the Montreal Protocol, the end of leaded petrol, solar power becoming the cheapest electricity and Amsterdam’s doughnut economy. Each combined clear science, a measurable target, a rule that changed incentives and an affordable alternative. Stupidity, the foreword concludes, is elective, not genetic. Recognising the paradox is the first act of breaking it.